本帖最后由 皇家狮鹫 于 2013-5-22 14:35 编辑
近日NASA再次发布，5月13日太阳耀斑再次爆发，而本次能量为2013年最强值。
根据NASA报道，太阳在上周末开始便爆发多次耀斑，而5月13日爆发为全年最大，也被列为最强烈耀斑，并被列入X级。这也是今年第16次X级爆发。NASA专家也提示，未来地球GPS等通讯设施可能会受影响。
预计在2013年底左右，太阳处于11年的活跃周期段，爆发事件的数量将出现上升。今年4月11日，太阳表面出现了一次规模为M6.5级的太阳风暴事件，伴随着最强太阳耀斑的形成，但是其依然属于中等规模的太阳耀斑事件。
科学家将太阳耀斑等级进行了划分，M级表示的太阳耀斑并不是非常强烈，但其可以影响到地球上的通信，直接瞄准地球释放的话，可以在极区看到强烈的极光现象。最强的太阳耀斑是X级太阳风暴，当此类耀斑直接朝向地球释放能量时，可以对宇宙飞船和空间站上的宇航员构成威胁，还可以干扰GPS信号和通讯，造成无线电中断。NASA科学家认为周五的太阳耀斑可造成短时间的无线电波通讯中断，目前太阳处于第24太阳周期，包括SDO在内的数艘NASA飞船正在不断对太阳进行监视监测，跟踪太阳活动和预报空间天气。
NASA 原文章节摘录如下:
Three X-class Flares in 24 Hours
05.14.13
Third Update: May 14, 9 a.m. EDT
The sun emitted a third significant solar flare in under 24 hours, peaking at 9:11 p.m. EDT on May 13, 2013. This flare is classified as an X3.2 flare. This is the strongest X-class flare of 2013 so far, surpassing in strength the two X-class flares that occurred earlier in the 24-hour period.
The flare was also associated with a coronal mass ejection, or CME. The CME began at 9:30 p.m. EDT and was not Earth-directed. Experimental NASA research models show that the CME left the sun at approximately 1,400 miles per second, which is particularly fast for a CME. The models suggest that it will catch up to the two CMEs associated with the earlier flares. The merged cloud of solar material will pass by the Spitzer spacecraft and may give a glancing blow to the STEREO-B and Epoxi spacecraft. Their mission operators have been notified. If warranted, operators can put spacecraft into safe mode to protect the instruments from solar material.
These pictures from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory show the three X-class flares that the sun emitted in under 24 hours on May 12-13, 2013. The images show light with a wavelength of 131 angstroms, which is particularly good for showing solar flares and is typically colorized in teal.
Credit: NASA/SDO
Four images from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory of an X3.2-class flare from late at night on May 13, 2013. Starting in the upper left and going clockwise, the images show light in the 304-, 335-, 193- and 131-angstrom wavelengths. By looking at the sun in different wavelengths, scientists can view solar material at different temperatures, and thus learn more about what causes flares.
Credit: NASA/SDO
On May 13, 2013, the sun emitted an X2.8-class flare, peaking at 12:05 p.m. EDT. This is the the strongest X-class flare of 2013 so far, surpassing in strength the X1.7-class flare that occurred 14 hours earlier. It is the 16th X-class flare of the current solar cycle and the third-largest flare of that cycle. The second-strongest was an X5.4 event on March 7, 2012. The strongest was an X6.9 on Aug. 9, 2011.
On May 13, 2013, an X2.8-class flare erupted from the sun -- the strongest flare of 2013 to date. This image of the flare, shown in the upper left corner, was captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory in light of 131 angstroms, a wavelength which is particularly good for capturing the intense heat of a solar flare and which is typically colorized in teal.
Credit: NASA/SDO
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发表于 2013-5-22 14:33
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